Monomers of nucleic acids.
nucleotides
Division of the nucleus.
karyokinesis
Change in the sequence of the nitrogen bases in a gene.
gene mutation
The base in the DNA molecule which always pairs off with guanine.
cytosine
Shape of a DNA molecule.
double helix
Thread-like gene-carrying structures composed of DNA and proteins.
chromosomes
Synthesis of a m-RNA molecule from the pattern of one of the DNA strands.
transcription
Triplet of nucleotides on the loop of a t-RNA molecule.
anticodon
Nitrogenous base which is found in RNA in the place of thymine.
uracil
Three adjacent nucleotides on a m-RNA molecule.
codon
Bead-like proteins in chromosomes attached to DNA.
histones
RNA-containing body, usually spherical, within the nucleus of most cells.
nucleolus
Type of RNA which makes up ribosomes.
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Change in the gene sequence that is of benefit to an individual.
fixed mutation
Process in which DNA molecules make identical copies of themselves during the interphase of mitosis.
replication
Division of the cytoplasm.
cytokinesis
Stage between two divisions during which the cell performs its normal function.
interphase
Phase in mitosis where the centromere of each chromosome splits into two parts.
anaphase
RNA molecules in the cytoplasm of cells that collect amino acids to deliver to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.
transfer RNA (tRNA)
Complete set of chromosomes found in each nucleus of any individual of a particular species.
genome
