Diagram that shows possible evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms
cladogram/phylogenetic tree
The ship on which Darwin sailed around the world.
Beagle
The type of birds on the Galapagos that Darwin found particularly interesting in terms of his theory.
Finches
Factors that separate species and prevent them interbreeding.
Reproductive isolation mechanisms
The formation of a completely new species from an ancestral group.
Speciation
The large hole in the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes.
Foramen magnum
Part of the skull that is U-shaped in other primates and C-shaped in humans.
Palate
Individuals of the same species, occupying an area and are able to breed.
population
Study of fossils.
palaeontology
The shape of pelvis associated with permanent bipedalism.
Basin shaped or wide
Study of the distribution of living organisms found in different regions.
biogeography
Species that are no longer found on Earth.
extinct
A face in which the jaws jut out forward.
Prognathous
Development of specific phenotypes in a species due to selective human crossbreeding of organisms.
Artificial selection
Variation that shows many intermediate forms between two extremes.
Continuous variation
Explanation that species experience long periods without physical change, followed by short periods of rapid physical change.
punctuated equilibrium
Explanation for something that has been observed in nature and which can be supported by facts, laws and tested hypotheses.
theory
